Mechatronics is the integration of electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, control and computer engineering. From auto-focus cameras to car engine management systems, and from state-of-the-art robots to the humble washing machine, Mechatronics has a hand in them all. This book presents a clear and comprehensive introduction to the area. It is practical and applied so it helps you to comprehend and design mechatronic systems. By also explaining the philosophy of Mechatronics it provides you with a frame of understanding to develop a truly interdisciplinary and integrated approach to engineering. Mechatronics is essential reading for students requiring an introduction to this exciting area at undergraduate and higher diploma level. * New Content includes: An expanded first chapter gives a comprehensive introduction to the subject. * Includes more in-depth discussion of op-amps, mechanisms, and motor selection to improve clarity and extend applications. * A new Appendix on Electrical Circuit Analysis is included to make the basic methods used for both d.c. and a.c. circuit analysis easily accessible to readers.
Preface I: Introduction 1 Introducing mechatronics Chapter objectives 1.1 What is mechatronics? 1.2 The design process 1.3 Systems 1.4 Measurement systems 1.5 Control systems 1.6 Programmable logic controller 1.7 Examples of mechatronic systems Summary Problems II: Sensors and signal conditioning 2 Sensors and transducers Chapter objectives 2.1 Sensors and transducers 2.2 Performance terminology 2.3 Displacement, position and proximity 2.4 Velocity and motion 2.5 Force 2.6 Fluid pressure 2.7 Liquid flow 2.8 Liquid level 2.9 Temperature 2.10 Light sensors 2.11 Selection of sensors 2.12 Inputting data by switches Summary Problems 3 Signal conditioning Chapter objectives 3.1 Signal conditioning 3.2 The operational amplifier 3.3 Protection 3.4 Filtering 3.5 Wheatstone bridge 3.6 Pulse modulation 3.7 Problems with signals 3.8 Power trasfer Summary Problems 4 Digital signals Chapter objectives 4.1 Digital signals 4.2 Analogue and digital signals 4.3 Digital-to-analogue and analogue-to-digital converters 4.4 Multiplexers 4.5 Data acquisition 4.6 Digital signal processing Summary Problems 5 Digital logic Chapter objectives 5.1 Digital logic 5.2 Logic gates 5.3 Applications of logic gates 5.4 Sequential logic Summary Problems 6 Data presentation systems Chapter objectives 6.1 Displays 6.2 Data presentation elements 6.3 Magnetic recording 6.4 Optical recording 6.5 Displays 6.6 Data acquisition systems 6.7 Measurement systems 6.8 Testing and calibration Summary Problems III: Actuation 7 Pneumatic and hydraulic actuation systems Chapter objectives 7.1 Actuation systems 7.2 Pneumatic and hydraulic systems 7.3 Directional control valves 7.4 Pressure control valves 7.5 Cylinders 7.6 Servo and proportional control valves 7.7 Process control valves 7.8 Rotary actuators Summary Problems 8 Mechanical actuation systems Chapter objectives 8.1 Mechanical systems 8.2 Types of motion 8.3 Kinematic chains 8.4 Cams 8.5 Gear trains 8.6 Ratchet and pawl 8.7 Belt and chain drives 8.8 Bearings Summary Problems 9 Electrical actuation systems Chapter objectives 9.1 Electrical systems 9.2 Mechanical switches 9.3 Solid-state switches 9.4 Solenoids 9.5 D.C. motors 9.6 A.C. motors 9.7 Stepper motors 9.8 Motor selection Summary Problems IV: System models 10 Basic system models Chapter objectives 10.1 Mathematical models 10.2 Mechanical system building blocks 10.3 Electrical system building blocks 10.4 Fluid system building blocks 10.5 Thermal system building blocks Summary Problems 11 System models Chapter objectives 11.1 Engineering systems 11.2 Rotational--translational systems 11.3 Electro-mechanical systems 11.4 Linearity 11.5 Hydraulic--mechanical systems Summary Problems 12 Dynamic responses of systems Chapter objectives 12.1 Modelling dynamic systems 12.2 Terminology 12.3 First-order systems 12.4 Second-order systems 12.5 Performance measures for second-order systems 12.6 System identification Summary Problems 13 System transfer functions Chapter objectives 13.1 The transfer function 13.2 First-order systems 13.3 Second-order systems 13.4 Systems in series 13.5 Systems with feedback loops 13.6 Effect of pole location on transient response Summary Problems 14 Frequency response Chapter objectives 14.1 Sinusoidal input 14.2 Phasors 14.3 Frequency response 14.4 Bode plots 14.5 Performance specifications 14.6 Stability Summary Problems 15 Closed-loop controllers Chapter objectives 15.1 Continuous and discrete control processes 15.2 Terminology 15.3 Two-step mode 15.4 Proportional mode 15.5 Derivative control 15.6 Integral control 15.7 PID controller 15.8 Digital controllers 15.9 Control system performance 15.10 Controller tuning 15.11 Velocity control 15.12 Adaptive control Summary Problems 16 Artificial intelligence Chapter objectives 16.1 What is meant by artificial intelligence? 16.2 Perception and cognition 16.3 Reasoning 16.4 Learning Summary Problems V: Microprocessor systems 17 Microprocessors Chapter objectives 17.1 Control 17.2 Microprocessor systems 17.3 Microcontrollers 17.4 Applications 17.5 Programming Summary Problems 18 Assembly language Chapter objectives 18.1 Languages 18.2 Instruction sets 18.3 Assembly language programs 18.4 Subroutines 18.5 Look-up tables 18.6 Embedded systems Summary Problems 19 C language 19.1 Why C? 19.2 Program structure 19.3 Branches and loops 19.4 Arrays 19.5 Pointers 19.6 Program development 19.7 Examples of programs Summary Problems 20 Input/output systems Chapter Objectives 20.1 Interfacing 20.2 Input/output addressing 20.3 Interface requirements 20.4 Peripheral interface adapters 20.5 Serial communications interface 20.6 Examples of interfacing Summary Problems 21 Programmable logic controllers Chapter objectives 21.1 Programmable logic controllers 21.2 Basic PLC structure 21.3 Input/output processing 21.4 Ladder programming 21.5 Instruction lists 21.6 Latching and internal relays 21.7 Sequencing 21.8 Timers and counters 21.9 Shift registers 21.10 Master and jump controls 21.11 Data handling 21.12 Analogue input/output Summary Problems 22 Communication systems Chapter objectives 22.1 Digital communications 22.2 Centralised, hierarchical and distributed control 22.3 Networks 22.4 Protocols 22.5 Open Systems Interconnection communication model 22.6 Serial communication interfaces 22.7 Parallel communication interfaces 22.8 Wireless protocols Summary Problems 23 Fault finding Chapter objectives 23.1 Fault-detection techniques 23.2 Watchdog timer 23.3 Parity and error coding checks 23.4 Common hardware faults 23.5 Microprocessor systems 23.6 Emulation and simulation 23.7 PLC systems Summary Problems